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Munir Bashir : ウィキペディア英語版 | Munir Bashir
Munir Bashir, the ''King of Oud'' ((アラビア語:منير بشير), ) (1930 – September 28, 1997) was an Iraqi Assyrian musician and one of the most famous musicians in the Middle East during the 20th century and was considered to be the supreme master of the Arab maqamat scale system.〔World Music: The Rough Guide, by Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, Richard Trillo, 1999.〕 He created different styles of the Arabian short scaled lute, the oud. He was one of the first middle eastern instrumentalists known to Europe and America. Bashir's music is distinguished by a novel style of improvisation that reflects his study of Indian and European tonal art in addition to oriental forms.〔Colors of Enchantment: Theater, Music and the Visual Arts of the Middle East, By Sherifa Zuhur, 2001〕 Born in Iraq, he had to deal with numerous disruptions of violent coup attempts and multiple wars that the country went through. He would eventually exile to Europe and become noticeable first in Hungary. ==Life==
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